Architecture and Interior Design: An Integrated History to the Present First EditionChapter 40 Shakers 1774 – 1900Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

Architecture and Interior Design: An Integrated History to the Present

First Edition

Chapter 40

Shakers

1774 – 1900

Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved

Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved

If this PowerPoint presentation contains mathematical equations, you may need to check that your computer has the following installed:

1) Math Type Plugin

2) Math Player (free versions available)

3) NVDA Reader (free versions available)

1

M. Reforms

Industrial Revolution & consumer demand produce innumerable poorly designed & constructed goods

No suitable design language for machine, so fashion, historicism, sentimentalism, consumers drive designs

After Great Exhibition of 1851, reform movement begins

Little headway against rampant revivalism, eclecticism until end of century

Schools, reform groups & movements, writers, design companies, practitioners

Equate moralism & design, condemn conspicuous consumption, materialism, bad taste

Reform movement for home to counter perceived negative effects of industrialization

Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved

2

Shakers

The Shakers, or the United Society of Believers in the First and Second Appearance of Christ, largest & best known 19th-century communal utopian society in America

Shakers’ simple lives revolve around worship, community, & work

Architecture, interiors, furniture reflect belief system & worldview

Minimal ornament; simple forms from function or utility; perfected proportions; excellent craftsmanship

Communal, labor-focused lifestyles

Anticipate aspects of Modernism of the 20th century.

Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved

3

40.1

“Shakers, a Quaker sect, performing their distinctive, trembling, religious dance;” Currier and Ives.

Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved

Concepts

Doctrines shape material culture

Separation from world; communal living; lives centered on worship & work; equality between sexes

Isolate in villages; communities advertise lifestyles

Order, uniformity, consistency drive daily life

Labor, a positive force, equates with worship

Buildings, interiors, furniture planned for work, division of labor, celibacy, community, unified purpose

Economy, efficiency, function important design principles & guidelines for beauty

Innovators in labor-saving devices, freely share with world

Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved

5

40.2

Motifs and Architectural Details: Wooden boxes, mid-to-late 19th century; and door and window details, Kentucky. Shaker.

Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved

Architecture

Neatness, efficiency, function, & easy maintenance over fashion or style

Plain forms, refined proportions, beauty in materials

Similar appearance among communities, differences from location, materials, size, member backgrounds

Symmetry, efficient planning support life styles

Double entrances reflect gender separation

Communities: meeting houses, dwelling houses for families, support buildings—barns, laundries, workshops

Innovations: dwellings for many people & adapting form & construction of meeting houses to community needs

Remodel, renovate to meet changing community needs

Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved

7

40.3

Meetinghouse, Canterbury Shaker Village, 1792; New Hampshire; Moses Johnson. Shaker.

Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved

Long Description:

The simple, two-story, gambrel-roofed meetinghouse has a two-and-half-story, 3-bay building, gambrel roof, and two tall end chimneys. There are two entrances on the main facade on the gable roof to the right side. The building has white clapboard, and the simple paneled doors feature crown molding. Simple molding surrounds the light windows on the main facade, one on either side of the two doorways and one on the central bay. Those windows are on the side, on the first and second floors.

8

40.4

Village area, Sabbathday Lake Shaker Village 1884; New Gloucester, Maine. Shaker.

Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved

40.5a

Family Dwelling House, Shaker Village of Pleasant Hill, 1820s-1850s; Harrodsburg, Kentucky. Micajah Burnett. Shaker.

Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved

Long Description:

The house has a center axis that emphasizes symmetry with double entrance doors. A facade has plain brick that has slender proportions that reflect the federal style, and rectangular double-hung sash windows. A roof is side-gabled and has a chimney on the end.

10

40.5b

Family Dwelling Houses, Shaker Village of Pleasant Hill, 1820s–1850s; Harrodsburg, Kentucky; Micajah Burnett. Shaker.

Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved

Long Description:

A house has a facade with two wide doors. The two-story has six bays with two windows per story per bay; the first-floor windows have sixteen-over-twelve sash windows, while those of the second floor are twelve-over-twelve. The lintels are single stone blocks cut from a different limestone connecting the two front stone chimneys, where the roof changes pitch, is a roof edge behind an off-center. The ell behind the front pavilion is the same height but is narrower by two bays.

11

40.5c (1 of 2)

Family Dwelling House hall and stair hall, Shaker Village of Pleasant Hill, 1820s–1850s; Harrodsburg, Kentucky; Micajah Burnett. Shaker.

Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved

40.5c (2 of 2)

Family Dwelling House sleeping room and kitchen, Shaker Village of Pleasant Hill, 1820s–1850s; Harrodsburg, Kentucky; Micajah Burnett. Shaker.

Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved

40.6

Floor plans, Shaker Centre Family Dwelling House, Shaker Village of Pleasant Hill, 1820s–1850s; Harrodsburg, Kentucky; Micajah Burnett. Shaker.

Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved

Interiors

Uniformity, simplicity, function, ease of maintenance in materials & furnishings

White plaster walls, brightly colored trim, built-in storage, wood strips with pegs for hanging; cast iron stove

Built-ins & peg rails distinctive design legacy

Limited storage of built-ins encourages sharing, discourages accumulating possessions

Few furnishings, a mix of Shaker-made & pieces brought by new converts.

Millennial Laws define room furnishings for uniformity & specify rules for placement

Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved

40.7

Meeting Room, Family Dwelling House, 1824; New Lebanon, New York; Moses Johnson. Shaker.

Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved

Furnishings & Decorative Arts

Furniture also reflects belief system & supports lifestyle

Beauty from materials, form, silhouette, function

Simplicity reflects Shakers themselves

Practical, easy to clean & maintain

Well made, careful proportions, honest construction & use of materials

No worldly ornament

Furniture uniform in appearance & distribution among members

New forms for work requirements or technology changes

In 1870s, begin selling furniture outside communities

Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved

40.8

Dwelling room with storage wall, Family Dwelling House, 1841-1846; originally from Enfield, New Hampshire. Shaker.

[Courtesy Winterthur Museum.]

Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved

40.9

Rocking chair, early to late 19th century. Shaker.

Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved

40.10

Candlestand, Shaker Village of Pleasant Hill, early 19th century; Harrodsburg, Kentucky. Shaker.

Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved

40.11

Interior with bed, early to late 19th century. Shaker.

Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved

40.12

Chest of drawers, early to late 19th century.

Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved

40.13

Decorative Arts: Shaker gift drawings, 1860; Hannah Cohoon. Shaker.

Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved

Copyright

This work is protected by United States copyright laws and is provided solely for the use of instructors in teaching their courses and assessing student learning. Dissemination or sale of any part of this work (including on the World Wide Web) will destroy the integrity of the work and is not permitted. The work and materials from it should never be made available to students except by instructors using the accompanying text in their classes. All recipients of this work are expected to abide by these restrictions and to honor the intended pedagogical purposes and the needs of other instructors who rely on these materials.

Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved

24

image5.jpg

image1.jpeg

image6.jpg

image7.jpg

image8.jpg

image9.jpg

image10.jpg

image11.jpg

image12.jpg

image13.jpg

image14.jpg

image15.jpg

image16.jpg

image17.jpg

image18.jpg

image19.jpg

image20.jpg

image21.jpg

image22.jpg

image23.jpg

image24.jpg

image25.jpg

image26.png

image4.png

Share This Post

Email
WhatsApp
Facebook
Twitter
LinkedIn
Pinterest
Reddit

Order a Similar Paper and get 15% Discount on your First Order

Related Questions

PLEASE check the files uploaded so you know what my

PLEASE check the files uploaded so you know what my business idea (online sex shop) is, and respond to the questions below with the info on the files.Here is the link for the book: https://b123i2nxe-mp03-y-https-library-books24x7-com.proxy.lirn.net/toc.aspxCHAPTER 16(Pic uploaded) Provide details of any firm orders on hand. Provide details of all customers you

Apply information from the Aquifer Case Stud to answer the

Apply information from the Aquifer Case Stud to answer the following discussion questions: Discuss the Mr. Payne’s history that would be pertinent to his genitourinary problem. Include chief complaint, HPI, Social, Family and Past medical history that would be important to know. Describe the physical assessment and diagnostic tools to

Vulnerable Population Summary

Vulnerable Population Summary and Proposed Program The first of your two written assignments for the course will  provide a beginning framework that you will utilize in the development  of your Final Project: a proposal for a community-based  program in your area. For this first written assignment, you will  select one

Introduction Tatyana’s selection decisions… Unit Learning Outcomes Evaluate & Select

Introduction Tatyana’s selection decisions… Unit Learning Outcomes Evaluate & Select Internal Predictors. (5,6,& 7) Evaluate utility of performance reviews. (1,8) Assess job knowledge test utility. (1,8) Assess practical significance of assessment centers. (7) Understand and implement method(s) for scoring selection predictors. (8) Create a strategy for combining selection predictor scores.

Teams and Communication During the next four weeks, we will

  Teams and Communication During the next four weeks, we will work on creating a summary report that features the management operations of Camp Bow Wow. Over the past four weeks we have been covering information related to planning, organizing, leading, and controlling, so the summary report will offer a

NOLA PENDER ASSIGNMENT Choose one healthpromoting behavior in which you personally could but dont engage. Identify factors as defined in

NOLA PENDER ASSIGNMENTChoose one health-promoting behavior in which you personally could but don’t engage. Identify factors, as defined in the health promotion model, which contribute to your decision not to participate. Include immediate competing alternatives.2.Analyze factors that contribute to your participation in a health-promoting activity and place each factor under

This paper will allow you to examine your strengths and

   This paper will allow you to examine your strengths and develop a plan for moving forward. I. What Do You Do Best? · Of all the things you do well, which two do you do best and why? · Which activities do you seem to pick up quickly and

Apply the interpretive journey to one passage of your choosing

  Apply the interpretive journey to one passage of your choosing from epistles or Revelation. Be sure to use the interpretive journey template. Epistles: Romans 8:26-27 1 Corinthians 11:27-32 Galatians 5:16-18 Colossians 3:1-4 2 Timothy 3:16-17 Hebrews 4:12-13 1 Peter 5:6-7 Revelation: Revelation 5:1-14 Revelation 19:11-21 Revelation 21:1-8

Demonstrate knowledge and understanding

Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of the subjects and issues to do with the UK legal system with particular relevance to different types of law 2.  Employ social studies skills and abilities in report structuring and writing together with research understanding and application What am I required to do in this

Instructions Expert Witness Challenge Your fire agency has been asked

Instructions Expert Witness Challenge  Your fire agency has been asked to assist in a criminal case involving arson, and you are helping to prepare your colleagues for serving as expert witnesses. You will use create a brief training that outlines the courtroom expectations so your colleagues will be prepared. The

Faculty rights and responsibilities.

  Create a 12–20-slide PowerPoint presentation for teaching a legal or ethical issue pertinent to nurse educators. As nurses we are all, no doubt, very aware of the myriad of legal  and ethical issues in any health care setting. We are familiar with  licensing for health care professionals, perhaps, carry our

I have attached the instructions in the uploaded file below

 I have attached the instructions in the uploaded file below , please read and follow instructions carefully  Topic: The topic that I will be covering for my FLE project is “ Teaching parents skills on how to assist elementary school children ages 5-12 with Autism (ASD), to further develop their

Instructions For this assignment, you will read a case and

Instructions For this assignment, you will read a case and answer a series of questions concerning an analysis of ethical considerations governing marketing practices, as leaders are responsible for such endeavors. Begin by reading the following case, which can be located within the Business Source Ultimate database of the CSU